# Python Performance Profiling > **Stub:** This module will be populated when Python profiling is needed in a project. > Follow the pattern established in [go.md](go.md). ## Expected Content - Toolchain: `py-spy`, `cProfile`, `memory_profiler`, `line_profiler`, `scalene` - Patterns: `__slots__`, generator expressions, `collections.deque`, `numpy` vectorization - Benchmarking: `timeit`, `pytest-benchmark` - Irreducible floors: GIL contention, interpreter overhead, C extension boundaries - Script: `scripts/python-pyspy.sh`